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Infertility is defined as not being able to get pregnant (conceive) after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex. Because infertility in women increases with age providers evaluate and treat women age 35 and older after 6 months of unprotected sex.
There are different types of infertility:

• Primary Infertility is when couples have not been able to conceive a pregnancy after a minimum of one year of unprotected sex.
• Secondary Infertility is the inability to become pregnant or carry a baby to term after previously giving birth to a baby.
• Unexplained Infertility is where doctors have been unable to diagnose a reason as to why one can't get pregnant.
• Male Infertility is any health issues in a man that lowers the chances of his female partner getting pregnant like sperm count, motility, shape and/or concentration.

Problems with ovulation affects about 25% of all infertility situations according to American Pregnancy Association. Some other concerns that affect reproduction for females is:

• Endometriosis- Tissue that normally lines the uterus starts to grow in other areas. The misplaced tissue can cause pain, infertility and very heavy menstruals
• Uterine fibroids- These are noncancerous tumors in some of childbearing age. The cause of fibroids is unknown and risk factors include being African American or overweight
• Gynecologic cancer- These include cervical, ovarian, uterine, vaginal and vulvar. These cancers start in the women's reproductive organs
• Blocked fallopian tubes- This is usually caused by scarring tissue or pelvic adhesions factors including PID ( Pelvic Inflammatory Disease), endometriosis, STI (Sexually Transmitted Infections), past ectopic pregnancies, past abdominal surgery and fibroids
• PCOS- Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is when a women's ovaries or adrenal glands produce more male hormones than normal. Usually in this case cysts develop on the ovaries

Male infertility is due to low sperm production, abnormal sperm function like azoospermia ( no sperm cells are produced) and oligospermia ( few sperm cells are produced) or blockages that prevent the delivery of sperm. Illnesses, injuries, chronic health problems, lifestyle choices and other factors can play a role in causing male infertility.

Miscarriage is when a baby (or fetus or embryo) dies in the uterus during pregnancy. Pregnancy loss and infertility can each be devastating on their own.  But when you are going through both, that double blow can be desperately hard to bear. You might be facing fertility problems  after ectopic pregnancy.  You may have had one or both tubes removed, or been told that the chances of conceiving naturally are low. You may have been trying to conceive after a previous loss or losses. If you are facing this double burden of pregnancy loss and fertility problems, it’s important to know that you are not alone and that you can find support from others who understand.